• Introduction The Discoidin Domain Receptors

  2020-06-05

  

  Introduction The Discoidin Domain Receptors (DDRs), comprising DDR1 and DDR2, are collagen-binding receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that function as microenvironmental sensors at the interface of the extracellular matrix and the intracellular signal transduction machinery [1]. In response to ligand

• A range of therapies exists for

  2020-06-05

  

  A range of therapies exists for the treatment of inflammation-driven diseases, which can be summarized as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticoids and steroidal-related drugs (Ward et al., 2008). Despite of these notable successes, there are still major unmet medical needs in the t

• Previous study showed that CXCR plays an

  2020-06-05

  

  Previous study showed that CXCR plays an important role in viral infection and that CXCR1, as an important molecule in CXCR, also plays important roles in viral pathogenesis [[39], [40], [41], [42]]. In mammals, CXCR1 plays an important role in resisting viral infection [43,44], and CXCR1 plays an i

• Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of the corticotrop

  2020-06-05

  

  Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system, a major coordinator of neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stressors. For instance, early (8–48 h) morphine withdrawal is associated with increased CRF mRNA expression in the central nucleus of the a

• Based on the ability of CRF to modulate nociception

  2020-06-05

  

  Based on the ability of CRF to modulate nociception, we hypothesized that stress leads to hyperalgesia by the activation of CRF1 and/or CRF2 receptors in the spinal cord. We tested this hypothesis using an acute forced swim as a widely used and easily reproducible stressor and grip force as a measur

• Pattern separation is a process that takes place in

  2020-06-05

  

  Pattern separation is a process that takes place in the hippocampus and more specifically in the dentate gyrus (DG) and Cornu Ammonis region 3 (CA3) (Morris, Churchwell, Kesner, & Gilbert, 2012). The main source of input in the hippocampus is derived from the enthorinal cortex (EC) that mainly proje

• Kim et al reported for bioactive

  2020-06-05

  

  Kim et al. reported for bioactive compounds originating from the endemic species in Korea, the hexane and EtOAc fractions of the MeOH extracts from the roots of Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitagawa (Umbelliferae) showed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) dual inhibitory activity b

• The data regarding the association between

  2020-06-05

  

  The data regarding the association between COMT Val158/108Met and cognitive function are divergent [10,11,12,22,24,25,26,27,28]. Better performance on the ROCF immediate and delayed recall test among veterans with PTSD who were Met carriers, compared to Val/Val homozygotes, agrees with findings show

• br Bipartite graph br Algorithm for CFC br Error detection

  2020-06-04

  

  Bipartite graph Algorithm for CFC Error detection rate and overhead evaluation Test results and discussion For verifying the proof in rvx from the perspective of practice, this section brings tests and analysis based on the onboard computer (OBC) of the in-service ZDPS-1A pico-satellite,

• The assembly and maturation of invadopodia can be

  2020-06-04

  

  The assembly and maturation of invadopodia can be initiated by chemical stimuli such as the epidermal growth factor (EGF), as well as the mechanical signals from extracellular matrix (ECM). Upon binding, EGF activates the EGF receptor (EGFR), which further activates several intracellular signaling p

• 71 4 br Experimental section br Acknowledgments MIN cells we

  2020-06-04

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgments MIN6 cells were kindly provided by Dr. Junichi Miyazaki, Osaka University. This research was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (JP16H05099 and JP18H04609 to K.H., and JP16H06574 to T.U.), SENTAN

• Based on the SUMO SIM interaction involved in SUMOD

  2020-06-04

  

  Based on the SUMO–SIM interaction involved in SUMOD positioning, a SUMO2ΔSBD (SIM-binding domain; Q30A, F31A, I33A) mutant can be investigated that disrupts this important binding interface (Eisenhardt et al., 2015; Meulmeester, Kunze, Hsiao, Urlaub, & Melchior, 2008). In Fig. 4A, multiturnover assa

• The binding of collagen X to DDR differs from the

  2020-06-04

  

  The binding of collagen X to DDR2 differs from the binding of collagen X to α2β1 integrin in that the triple helical conformation is essential for DDR2 binding. We previously reported that heat denatured pepsinised collagen X supported cell adhesion via α2β1, indicating that the triple-helical confo

• Saito et al reported that d http www apexbt

  2020-06-04

  

  Saito et al. reported that diabetic bone has lower lysyl oxidase-derived enzymatic cross-links in collagen compared to non-diabetic bone, based on studies performed in a rat model [9]. Lysyl oxidase plays a pivotal role in bone development and function, as revealed in classical studies [10], [11]. L

• Targeting a specific cell type rather than the

  2020-06-04

  

  Targeting a specific cell type, rather than the broad cytotoxicity exhibited by some of the pharmacological agents currently used to treat lupus, may improve efficacy and decrease off target toxicity. Thus, evidence that macrophages and microglia are important to the pathogenesis of LN and NPSLE, re

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