• br Conclusions A large body

  2024-02-04

  

  Conclusions A large body of evidence indicates that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of NDDs. Hence, reducing oxidative stress or suppressing its downstream pathways may be beneficial for the treatment of these diseases, especially such chronic diseases as AD or glaucoma. Here we

• br Introduction Arginase deficiency is a

  2024-02-04

  

  Introduction Arginase deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder resulting from a loss of arginase 1 (ARG1), the final enzyme in the urea cycle, which is the major pathway for the detoxification of ammonia in terrestrial mammals. ARG1 is expressed most prevalently in hepatocytes and red blood cells.

• Two major categories of arginase inhibitors have been

  2024-02-04

  

  Two major categories of arginase inhibitors have been distinguished (Fig. 3): the first category comprises synthetic arginase inhibitors, which have been developed from the substrate l-arginine [35]; and the second category includes inhibitors derived from natural products [36]. The category of synt

• The apocrine sweat glands of the human

  2024-02-04

  

  The apocrine sweat glands of the human axilla produce odor substances with pheromone functions whose nature corresponds to volatile steroids (Cowley and Brooksbank, 1991, Grosser et al., 2000, Sobel et al., 1999, Weller, 1998). These functions only begin with puberty, indicating that sex hormones st

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgement This work was

  2024-02-02

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgement This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Number 15K18770). Introduction Neural crest myc pathway are multipotent progenitors in the vertebrate embryo that give rise to a vast array of different cell types including pigment cells, craniofacial skeleton and

• br Liver specific AHR deficiency and energy balance In

  2024-02-02

  

  Liver-specific AHR deficiency and energy balance In contrast to the amelioration of hepatic steatosis by global AHR deficiency, targeted knockout of Ahr in hepatocytes exacerbated it in B6 mice fed on a high-fat diet, without interfering with body weight gain [21]. This appeared to result from au

• Cancer cells manifest characteristic abnormal growth propert

  2024-02-02

  

  Cancer CFDA SE Cell Tracer Kit manifest characteristic abnormal growth properties accompanying clonal evolution of cells displaying progressively increasing genomic instability capable of invasion and metastasis to distant organ sites. With the emerging knowledge about the role of known oncogene an

• br Aurora A Aurora B and

  2024-02-02

  

  Aurora-A, Aurora-B and Aurora-C small molecule inhibitors Nicholas et al. described phenotypic cellular screening of new highly potent and selective class of Aurora kinase inhibitors. Fragment based approach was utilized; core structure of 57 (Fig. 5) was optimized and selective inhibitor 58 (Fig

• Acl converts cytosolic citrate CoA and ATP

  2024-02-02

  

  Acl converts cytosolic citrate, CoA and ATP into acetyl-CoA, ADP+Pi and oxaloacetate (Fig. 1). This cytosolic enzyme is present in few Prokaryotes and in all Eukaryotes, but not in non-oleaginous yeasts [14]. Thus, this enzyme was presumed to be essential for FA synthesis [1], [13], [15]. In most mi

• With regard to the first question

  2024-02-02

  

  With regard to the first question, subcellular fractionation studies revealed that BDK and PPM1K are clearly detectable in both the mitochondrial and cytosolic subcellular fractions, thus making it possible for these enzymes to interact with both the BCKDH and ACL substrates. The preferential presen

• Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also

  2024-02-01

  

  Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting HAMI3379 expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reducing AMPK ac

• br Polymorphic variation ERAP is

  2024-02-01

  

  Polymorphic variation ERAP1 is polymorphic and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in its gene that encode amino PX 866 changes have been associated with predisposition to a variety of diseases, ranging from viral infections to cancer and autoimmunity (Alvarez-Navarro and Lopez de Cast

• In pancreatic islets we found an increase in

  2024-02-01

  

  In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein expression of leukocyte 12/15-LO that paralleled the metabolic decline characterized by severe hyperglycemia and reduced islet numbers. Similar increase in 12/15-LO expression by Western blot was found in the control mice, which have a normal meta

• br Conclusion br Introduction Lung cancer is the principal

  2024-02-01

  

  Conclusion Introduction Lung cancer is the principal cause of death by cancer and the third most common cancer worldwide (Sorber et al., 2016). Lung cancer has two main types: small cell carcinomas (approximately 20%) and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) (about 80%) (Fan et al., 2016). NS

• Since non lipoprotein derived free cholesterol is recycled f

  2024-02-01

  

  Since non-lipoprotein-derived free cholesterol is recycled from the plasma membrane through the endosomal system through receptor-independent mechanisms, we wanted to determine whether ABCA2 could alter the trafficking of this source of free cholesterol. Our approach was to measure the effect of mob

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